唐山震区上地壳平均波速比分析     

信世民  郭学增  刘静  张蕾  李瑞卿 《地震地磁观测与研究》2019,40(3):15-20

收集河北地震台网记录的唐山震区2012-2016年M_L ≥ 1.0地震，选取震源深度5-10 km、波形信噪比较高的波形数据，拾取直达P波、S波震相到时，利用和达法计算平均波速比，并分析研究区平均波速比水平分布特征与时变特征，结果表明：唐山震区上地壳平均波速比约为1.71，且水平分布呈区域化特征，反映了研究区复杂的地壳结构。研究区内3次M_L ≥ 4.0地震前，波速比曲线均呈较显著的下降-低值-回升形态，表明该区平均波速比变化可能具有一定地球物理异常特征。  相似文献   

Establishment and application of an intelligent treating method for oil spill identification     

TAN Liju  ZHAO Ruxiang  YIN Xiaonan  ZHANG Haijiang  WANG Jiangtao 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(11):116-122

In the identifying process of an oil spill accident, manual integral and artificial visual comparison are commonly used at present to determine the oil spill sources, these methods are time-consuming and easily affected by human factors. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve the purpose of rapid identification of an oil spill accident. In this paper, an intelligent method of automatic recognition, integration and calculation of diagnostic ratio of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC/MS) spectrum are established. Firstly, four hundreds of samples collected around the world were analyzed using a standard method and Retention time locking technology (RTL) was applied to reduce the change of retention time of GC/MS spectrum. Secondly, the automatic identification, integration of n-alkanes, biomarker compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and calculation of the diagnostic ratios were realized by MATLAB software. Finally, a database of oil fingerprints were established and applied successfully in a spill oil accident. Based on the new method and database, we could acquire the diagnostic ratios of an oil sample and find out the suspected oil within a few minutes. This method and database can improve the efficiency in spilled oil identification.  相似文献   

不同固有频率比条件下圆柱双自由度涡激振动特性的数值研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

翟云贺  康庄  宋儒鑫  孙丽萍 《海洋工程》2018,36(4):50-59

采用RANS方法,结合SST k-ω湍流模型,对不同顺流向与横顺流向固有频率的比值(即固有频率比,fnx/fny)条件下低质量比圆柱体的双自由度涡激振动进行了二维数值模拟。圆柱体的质量比为2.6,雷诺数范围为2 500~18 750,相应的约化速度范围为2~15,包括了经典试验中出现的整个锁定范围。通过研究发现,固有频率比是影响振动特性的重要参数,随着固有频率比的增加,响应幅值逐渐降低且向更高的约化速度偏移;在低约化速度范围内,固有频率比对顺流向和横流向振动之间的相位差以及升力频率有较大影响,从而得到各种不同偏向的8字形轨迹;最后对不同固有频率比条件下的尾涡模式进行了讨论,给出了对应不同约化速度时的尾涡模式。  相似文献   

多通道瞬变电磁法频率域比值算法及视电阻率计算研究          下载免费PDF全文

张文伟  真齐辉  底青云 《地球物理学报》2018,61(10):4171-4181

视电阻率在电磁法勘探中起重要作用，可以作为初步解释结果，多通道瞬变电磁法通过大地脉冲响应的峰值时刻定义视电阻率.鉴于传统方法计算峰值时刻视电阻率需要恢复完整大地脉冲响应，本文通过研究大地脉冲响应及其频谱特征，提出一种新的频率域比值法.利用参考谱及其与一般谱的伸缩因子计算一般谱的峰值时刻，进而得到视电阻率.该方法只需大地脉冲响应单个频点幅度谱，从而不用估计整个大地脉冲响应.实际计算时，可以用大地脉冲响应多个频点幅度谱得到平均视电阻率.模拟数据与实测数据结果表明，在一维介质中，频率域比值法可以得到合理的视电阻率.  相似文献   

基于FEA的填充墙与隔震器协同抗震系统性能分析          下载免费PDF全文

李然 《地震工程学报》2018,40(5):891-896

隔震器与填充墙对建筑抗震性能有很大作用。为了探究填充墙布置形式及填充材料和隔震器协同作用对钢筋混凝土框架结构动力特性及抗震性能的影响,采用等效斜撑理论,对3种不同填充墙布置形式与隔震器协同作用的抗震系统方案进行对比分析,研究发现顶层不布置填充墙与隔震器协同抗震系统钢筋混凝土框架结构的抗震性能最佳。在此系统上分析了不同填充材料对钢筋混凝土框架结构抗震性能的影响,结果表明,加气混凝土砌块填充墙的钢筋混凝土框架结构抗震性能最好。  相似文献   

Estimation of the 3D correlation structure of an alluvial aquifer from surface-based multi-frequency ground-penetrating radar reflection data     

Zhiwei Xu  James Irving  Kyle Lindsay  John Bradford  Peimin Zhu  Klaus Holliger 《Geophysical Prospecting》2020,68(2):678-689

Knowledge about the stochastic nature of heterogeneity in subsurface hydraulic properties is critical for aquifer characterization and the corresponding prediction of groundwater flow and contaminant transport. Whereas the vertical correlation structure of the heterogeneity is often well constrained by borehole information, the lateral correlation structure is generally unknown because the spacing between boreholes is too large to allow for its meaningful inference. There is, however, evidence to suggest that information on the lateral correlation structure may be extracted from the correlation statistics of the subsurface reflectivity structure imaged by surface-based ground-penetrating radar measurements. To date, case studies involving this approach have been limited to 2D profiles acquired at a single antenna centre frequency in areas with limited complementary information. As a result, the practical reliability of this methodology has been difficult to assess. Here, we extend previous work to 3D and consider reflection ground-penetrating radar data acquired using two antenna centre frequencies at the extensively explored and well-constrained Boise Hydrogeophysical Research Site. We find that the results obtained using the two ground-penetrating radar frequencies are consistent with each other, as well as with information from a number of other studies at the Boise Hydrogeophysical Research Site. In addition, contrary to previous 2D work, our results indicate that the surface-based reflection ground-penetrating radar data are not only sensitive to the aspect ratio of the underlying heterogeneity, but also, albeit to a lesser extent, to the so-called Hurst number, which is a key parameter characterizing the local variability of the fine-scale structure.  相似文献   

长条状粗颗粒在垂直管路中最小输送速度试验研究     

符瑜  肖红  夏建新 《海洋工程》2019,37(4):63-69

随着陆地金属资源的日益枯竭,深海矿产资源已经成为各国的重要战略目标。在深海采矿过程中,海底锰结核的形状除了圆球状,还有长条状等,颗粒形状对固液两相流管道输送特性具有很大影响。基于固液两相流垂直管道提升输送试验系统,探究不同工况下长条状颗粒在垂直上升流中最小输送速度的变化规律及特性,并得到了长条状群体颗粒最小输送速度计算公式。结果表明:长条状颗粒在垂直管道中上升过程中,颗粒中心轴与输送方向趋向于垂直,使颗粒在管道截面的投影面积最大化;长条状单颗粒的最小输送速度随着颗粒长径比增大而减小;在不同长径比工况下,随着管段颗粒平均浓度减小,长条状群体颗粒的最小输送速度均增大,且随着长径比增大,群最小输送速度减小。  相似文献   

基于GIS的白龙江流域舟曲—武都段的滑坡危险性评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

刘杰  武震 《地震工程学报》2020,42(6):1723-1734

本研究以围绕着白龙江流域的甘肃省南部的宕昌县、舟曲县和武都区部分地区为研究区，根据全国滑坡编目中得到的272个历史滑坡数据以及选取的高程、坡度、坡向、平面曲率、剖面曲率、归一化植被指数（NDVI）、降雨、岩性、距道路距离和距河流距离10种影响因子，利用三种具有代表性的定量方法：信息量模型、以及基于频率比模型的逻辑回归模型和人工神经网络模型对研究区内滑坡灾害危险性进行评价。三种评价结果均显示研究区内滑坡灾害的极高和高危险区主要沿白龙江河谷地区呈带状分布。从危险性分区图可看出，人工神经网络模型得到的分区图较为合理，既表现出沿河谷地区集中分布的趋势，也呈现出对滑坡历史数据较为独立的特征，这一研究结果与前人研究结果一致。根据受试者工作特征曲线（ROC曲线）对三种模型的精度进行检验，检验得到的AUC值分别为0.818、0.829和0.837，说明三种评价结果均具有较高的可靠性，基于频率比模型的人工神经网络模型相比其他两个模型具有更好的评价精度，能更好地进行滑坡危险性的预测和评价，其中高程、降雨、岩性以及距道路距离对评价结果影响更大，这四种影响因子重要性值占比为52.1%。为该地区的城市扩建与灾害预防预测提供了参考。  相似文献   

Estimating the starting time and identifying the type of urbanization based on dense time series of landsat-derived Vegetation-Impervious-Soil (V-I-S) maps – A case study of North Taiwan from 1990 to 2015     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

Land cover and land use change (LCLUC) is a global phenomenon, and LCLUC in urbanizing regions has substantial impacts on humans and their environments. In this paper, a semi-automatic approach to identifying the type and starting time of urbanization was developed and tested based on dense time series of Vegetation-Impervious-Soil (V-I-S) maps derived from Landsat surface reflectance imagery. The accuracy of modeled V-I-S fractions and the estimated time of initial change in impervious cover were assessed. North Taiwan, one of the regions of the island of Taiwan that experienced the greatest urban LCLUC, was chosen as a test area, and the study period is 1990 to 2015, a period of substantial urbanization. In total, 295 dates of Landsat imagery were used to create 295 V-I-S fraction maps that were used to construct fractional cover time series for each pixel. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE)s for the modeled Vegetation, Impervious, and Soil were 25 %, 22 %, 24 % respectively. The time of Urban Expansion is estimated by logistic regression applied to Impervious cover time series, while the time of change for Urban Renewal is determined by the period of brief Soil exposure. The identified location and estimated time for newly urbanized lands were generally accurate, with 80% of Urban Expansion estimated within ±2.4 years. However, the accuracy of identified Urban Renewal was relatively low. Our approach to identifying Urban Expansion with dense time series of Landsat imagery is shown to be reliable, while Urban Renewal identification is not.  相似文献   

碰撞非相干散射理论谱宏观法和微观法的比较研究          下载免费PDF全文

梁宇  赵必强  乐新安  丁锋  曾令旗  郝红连  宁百齐  万卫星 《地球物理学报》2020,63(2):387-393

非相干散射理论谱是理解非相干散射雷达探测的理论基础,其求解过程分为微观法和宏观法.在考虑碰撞不考虑磁场的条件下,本文使用这两种方法对理论谱分别进行求解,给出了关键求解过程,并对等离子体的归一化导纳和极化率以及非相干散射的微分散射截面和谱密度函数进行分析,得到了它们各自之间的数学关系,概括性分析了两种方法在理论选择、最终结论及多种因素下求解的异同点.  相似文献